Perlindungan Hukum Kesehatan Anak dalam Pusaran Kelalaian Program Makan Bergizi Gratis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59582/sh.v19i01.1470Kata Kunci:
Free Nutritious Meal, Civil Liability, Child Protection, Unlawful Act.Abstrak
The Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) program launched in early 2025 aims to tackle stunting, but its implementation has been marred by mass poisoning incidents affecting thousands of children. This research aims to analyze the form of government civil liability and legal protection for child victims of poisoning from the perspective of positive law in Indonesia. Using a normative juridical research method, this study examines various regulations such as the Child Protection Law, Health Law, Food Law, and Supreme Court Regulations (PERMA). The results indicate that the government's failure to ensure food safety constitutes an Unlawful Act by the Authority (Onrechtmatige Overheidsdaad). Based on PERMA Number 2 of 2019, this dispute falls under the absolute competence of the Administrative Court (PTUN). Victims' families can demand material and immaterial compensation collectively through a class action mechanism according to PERMA Number 1 of 2002. Legal protection for children includes preventive aspects through strict supervision from production to distribution stages, as well as repressive aspects through medical rehabilitation and compensation. The success of the MBG program is measured not only by budget absorption but also by the realization of a safe and accountable child protection ecosystem.
Referensi
Buku
Agustina, Rosa, (2003), Perbuatan Melawan Hukum, Pasca Sarjana FH Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta.
Dellyana, Shanti, (1988), Wanita dan Anak di Mata Hukum, Liberty, Jakarta.
Djamil, Nasir, (2013), Anak Bukan untuk di Hukum, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.
Hadjon, Philipus M., (1993), Pengantar Hukum Administrasi Indonesia, Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
HR., Ridwan, (2022), Hukum Administrasi Negara, RajaGrafindo Persada, Depok, 312-315.
Huraerah, Abu, (2012), Kekerasan Terhadap Anak, Nuansa Cendekia, Bandung.
Lotulung, Paulus E., (1993), Beberapa Sistem Tentang Kontrol Segi Hukum Terhadap Pernerintah, Citra
Aditya Bakti, Bandung.
Mertokusumo, Sudikno, (1996), Mengenal Hukum: Suatu Pengantar, Liberty, Yogyakarta, hlm. 140.
Muchsan, (1997), Sistem Pengawasan terhadap Perbuatan Aparat Pemerintah dan Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara di Indonesia, Liberty, Yogyakarta.
Muhaimin, (2020), Metode Penelitian Hukum, Mataram University, Mataram.
Soekanto, Soerjono & Sri Mamudji, (2010), Penelitian Hukum Normatif : Suatu Tinjauan Singkat, Raja Grafindo Persada, Jakarta.
Jurnal
Edyanti, Yusrin, “Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Oleh Penguasa (Onrechtmatige Overheisdaad) (Suatu Tinjauan Analisis Administrasi Pemerintahan)”, Dharmasisya, Jurnal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, Vol. 2 (2).
Nurjaya, I Nyoman, “Gugatan Perwakilan Kelompok Masyarakat (Class Action) dalam Teori dan Praktek Peradilan”, Risalah Hukum, Fakultas Hukum Unmul Vol.2 (2), Desember 2006.
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Undang-Undang Nomor 35 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2002 tentang Perlindungan Anak.
Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan.
Undang-Undang Nomor 18 Tahun 2012 tentang Pangan.
Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 1 Tahun 2002 tentang Acara Gugatan Perwakilan Kelompok.
Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 2 Tahun 2019 tentang Pedoman Penyelesaian Sengketa Tindakan Pemerintahan dan Kewenangan Mengadili Perbuatan Melanggar Hukum oleh Badan dan/atau Pejabat Pemerintahan.
Peraturan Presiden Nomor 83 Tahun 2024 tentang Badan Gizi Nasional.
Website
Detik, DW, 12 November 2025, BGN: Lebih dari 11 Ribu Kasus Keracunan MBG, https://www.dw.com/id/badan-gizi-nasional-lebih-dari-11-ribu-kasus-keracunan-mbg/a-74711305, diakses pada 12 Januari 2026.
Mardianti, Dede Leni, Tempo, JPPI: Korban Keracunan MBG Tembus 10 Ribu Orang, 5 Oktober 2025, https://www.tempo.co/politik/data-jppi-korban-keracunan-mbg-capai-1-833-orang-dalam-sepekan-terbanyak-di-jatim-2076557, diakses pada 20 Desember 2025.











